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IRAS 16293-2422 is a well-studied class 0, low-mass protostellar system in the ρ Ophiuchus cloud complex. Aside from the fact that it is a binary system with A and B protostars, IRAS 16293-2422 is thought to be similar to the development of our own solar system. Many astromolecules have been detected toward this source since the mid-1980s. Multiple detections of species are given, and the earliest citation may not be the first detection of a given compound. This page is an effort to be reasonably thorough about the collective study of a source rather than a list of initial detections. Common and rare isotopomers are collected together here, and some non-detections are also noted (in green font). Tentative detectections are in italics. Recent studies are highlighted in blue. On this page you will find efforts to expand the inventories of the object as a whole or of each subsource. You will also see examples where a known molecule is used to trace some physical property of the source, such as the temperature of certain regions or infall and outflow of material. (Note: IRAS refers to the Infrared Astronomical Satellite, the first space-based infrared observatory.) |
| YEAR | PUBLICATION | SPECIES |
|---|---|---|
| 1986 |
Spectroscopic Evidence for Infall around an Extraordinary IRAS Source in Ophiuchus
C. K. Walker, C. J. Lada, E. T. Young, P. R. Maloney, and B. A. Wilking. ApJ 309, L47-L51 (1986). |
C32S (carbon monosulfide) C34S (carbon monosulfide) |
| 1986 |
Resolution of Structure in the Protostellar Source IRAS 16293-2422
L. J. Mundy, B. A. Wilking, and S. T. Myers. ApJ 311, L75-L79 (1986). | 13CO (carbon monoxide) |
| 1988 |
An Unusual Outflow around IRAS 16293-2422
C. K. Walker, C. J. Lada, E. T. Young, and M. Margulis. ApJ 332, 335-345 (1988). |
CO (carbon monoxide) 13CO (carbon monoxide) |
| 1990 |
Observations of the Dense Gas in the IRAS 16293-2422 Outflow System
C. K. Walker, J. E. Carlstron, J. H. Bieging, C. J. Lada, and E. T. Young. ApJ 364, 173-177 (1990). |
C32S (carbon monosulfide) C34S (carbon monosulfide) |
| 1994 |
Molecular Abundances and Low-mass Star Formation. I. Si- and S-bearing Species toward IRAS 16293-2422
G. A. Blake, E. F. van Dishhoeck, D. J. Jansen, T. D. Groesbeck, and L. G. Mundy. ApJ 428, 680-692 (1994). |
CO (carbon monoxide) CS (carbon monosulfide) SO (sulfur monoxide) SiO (silicon monoxide) SiS (silicon monosulfide) HCS+ (protonated CS) OCS (carbonyl sulfide) H2S (hydrogen sulfide) H2CS (thioformaldehyde) SO2 (sulfur dioxide) & isotopologues |
| 1995 |
Molecular Abundances and Low-mass Star Formation. II. Organic and Deuterated Species toward IRAS 16293-2422
E. F. van Dishoeck, G. A. Blake, D. J. Jansen, and T. D. Groesbeck. ApJ 447, 760-782 (1995). |
HCO+ (protonated CO) HCN (hydrogen cyanide) HNC (hydrogen isocyanide) HC3N (cyanoacetylene) H2CO (formaldehyde) CH3OH (methanol) CH3CN (methyl cyanide) CH3CCH (propyne) H2CCO (ketene) HNCO (isocyanid acid) CN (cyano radical) CCH (ethynyl radical) c-C3H2 (cyclopropenylidene) & isotopologues |
| 2003 |
The Hot Core around the Low-Mass Protostar IRAS 16293-2422: Scoundrels Rule!
S. Cazaux, A. G. G. M. Tielens, C. Ceccarelli, A. Castets, V. Wakelam, E. Caux, B. Parise, and D. Teyssier. ApJ 593, L51-L55 (2003). |
HCOOCH3 (methyl formate) CH3OCH3 (dimethyl ether) HCOOH (formic acid) CH3COOH (acetic acid) CH3CHO (acetaldehyde) CH3CN (methyl cyanide) C2H5CN (ethyl cyanide) CH3CCH (propyne) |
| 2005 |
HDO abundance in the envelope of the solar-type protostar IRAS 16293-2422
B. Parise, E. Caux, A. Castets, C. Ceccarelli, L. Loinard, A. G. G. M. Tielens, A. Bacmann, S. Cazaux, C. Comito, F. Helmich, C. Kahane, P. Schilke, E. van Dishoeck, V. Wakelam, and A. Walters. A&A 431, 547-554 (2005). | HDO (water) |
| 2006 |
IRAS 16293-2422: Evidence for Infall onto a Counterrotating Protostellar Accretion Disk
A. J. Remijan and J. M. Hollis. ApJ 640, 842-848 (2006). |
C2H5CN (ethyl cyanide) DCOOCH3 (methyl formate) HCOOH (formic acid) SiO (silicon monoxide) |
| 2007 |
Discovery of Interstellar Heavy Water
S. B. Charnley, C. Ceccarelli, S. D. Rodgers, J. R. Pardo, B. Parise, J. Cernicharo, and G. R. Davis. ApJ 659, L137-L140 (2007). | D2O (water) |
| 2007 |
Arcsecond-Resolution Submillimeter HCN Imaging of the Binary Protostar IRAS 16293-2422
S. Takakuwa, N. Ohashi, T. L. Bourke, N. Hirano, P. T. P. Ho, J. K. Jørgensen, Y.-J. Kuan, D. J. Wilner, and S. C. C. Yeh. ApJ 662, 431-442 (2007). | HCN (hydrogen cyanide) |
| 2008 |
The CO Molecular Outflows of IRAS 16293-2422 Probed by the Submillimeter Array
S. C. C. Yeh, N. Hirano, T. L. Bourke, P. T. P. Ho, C.-F. Lee, N. Ohashi, and S. Takakuwa. ApJ 675, 454-463 (2008). |
CO (carbon monoxide) 13CO (carbon monoxide) |
| 2008 |
An interferometric study of the low-mass protostar IRAS 16293-2422: small scale organic chemistry
S. E. Bisschop, J. K. Jørgensen, T. L. Bourke, S. Bottinelli, and E. F. van Dishoeck. A&A 488, 959-968 (2008). |
HNC (hydrogen isocyanide) CH3CN (methyl cyanide) H2CCO (ketene) CH3CHO (acetaldehyde) CH3COOH (acetic acid) |
| 2010 |
TIMASSS: the IRAS16293-2422 millimeter and submillimeter spectral survey: Tentative detection of deuterated
methyl formate (DCOOCH3)
K. Demyk, S. Bottinelli, E. Caux, C. Vastel1, C. Ceccarelli, C. Kahane, and A. Castets. A&A 517, A17 (2010). | DCOOCH3 (methyl formate) |
| 2010 |
First detection of ND in the solar-mass protostar IRAS16293-2422
A. Bacmann, E. Caux, P. Hily-Blant, B. Parise, L. Pagani, S. Bottinelli, S. Maret, C. Vastel, C. Ceccarelli, J. Cernicharo, T. Henning, A. Castets, A. Coutens, E. A. Bergin, G. A. Blake, N. Crimier, K. Demyk, C. Dominik, M. Gerin, P. Hennebelle, C. Kahane, A. Klotz, G. Melnick, P. Schilke, V. Wakelam, A. Walters, A. Baudry, T. Bell, M. Benedettini, A. Boogert, S. Cabrit, P. Caselli, C. Codella, C. Comito, P. Encrenaz, E. Falgarone, A. Fuente, P. F. Goldsmith, F. Helmich, E. Herbst, T. Jacq, M. Kama, W. Langer, B. Lefloch, D. Lis, S. Lord, A. Lorenzani, D. Neufeld, B. Nisini, S. Pacheco, J. Pearson, T. Phillips, M. Salez, P. Saraceno, K. Schuster, X. Tielens, F. F. S. van der Tak, M. H. D. van der Wiel, S. Viti, F. Wyrowski, H. Yorke, A. Faure, A. Benz, O. Coeur-Joly, A. Cros, R. Güsten, and L. Ravera. A&AM 521, L42 (2010). | ND (imidogen) |
| 2010 |
Nitrogen hydrides in the cold envelope of IRAS 16293-2422
P. Hily-Blant, S. Maret, A. Bacmann, S. Bottinelli, B. Parise, E. Caux, A. Faure, E. A. Bergin, G. A. Blake, A. Castets, C. Ceccarelli, J. Cernicharo, A. Coutens, N. Crimier, K. Demyk, C. Dominik, M. Gerin, P. Hennebelle, T. Henning, C. Kahane, A. Klotz, G. Melnick, L. Pagani, P. Schilke, C. Vastel, V. Wakelam, A. Walters, A. Baudry, T. Bell, M. Benedettini, A. Boogert, S. Cabrit, P. Caselli, C. Codella, C. Comito, P. Encrenaz, E. Falgarone, A. Fuente, P. F. Goldsmith, F. Helmich, E. Herbst, T. Jacq, M. Kama, W. Langer, B. Lefloch, D. Lis, S. Lord, A. Lorenzani, D. Neufeld, B. Nisini, S. Pacheco, T. Phillips, M. Salez, P. Saraceno, K. Schuster, X. Tielens, F. van der Tak, M. H. D. van der Wiel, S. Viti, F. Wyrowski, and H. Yorke. A&A 521, L52 (2010). |
NH (imidogen radical) NH2 (amidogen radical) NH2 (ammonia) |
| 2010 |
A comprehensive survey of hydrogen chloride in the Galaxy
R. Peng, H. Yoshida, R. A. Chamberlin, T. G. Phillips, D. C. Lis, and M. Gerin. ApJ 723, 218 (2010). | HCl (hydrogen chloride) |
| 2011 |
TIMASSS: the IRAS 16293-2422 millimeter and submillimeter spectral survey. I. Observations,
calibration, and analysis of the line kinematics
E. Caux, C. Kahane, A. Castets, A. Coutens, C. Ceccarelli, A. Bacmann, S. Bisschop, S. Bottinelli, C. Comito, F. P. Helmich, B. Lefloch, B. Parise, P. Schilke, A. G. G. M. Tielens, E. van Dishoeck, C. Vastel, V. Wakelam, and A. Walters. A&A 532, A23 (2011). |
CO (carbon monoxide) SO (sulfur monoxide) H2CO (formaldehyde) SO2 (sulfur dioxide) CH3OH (methanol) HCO+ (protonated CO) CS (carbon monosulfide) HCN (hydrogen cyanide) CH3CHO (acetaldehyde) CH3CN (methyl cyanide) H2CS (thioformaldehyde) OCS (carbonyl sulfide) HCOOCH3 (methyl formate) SiO (silicon monoxide) HNC (hydrogen isocyanide) H2S (hydrogen sulfide) c-C3H2 (cyclopropenylidene) CH3OCH3 (dimethyl ether) CH3CCH (propyne) CCH (ethynyl radical) HNCO (isocyanic acid) CN (cyano radical) HCS+ (protonated CS) H2CCO (ketene) NH3 (ammonia) NO (nitric oxide) C2S (dicarbon sulfide) PN (phosphorus nitride) H2O (water) SN (sulfur nitride) C4H (butadiynyl radical) c-C3H (cyclopropenylidenyl radical) & isotopologues |
| 2012 |
Detection of OD towards the low-mass protostar IRAS 16293-2422
B. Parise, F. Du, F.-C. Liu, A. Belloche, H. Wiesemeyer, R. Güsten, K. M. Menten, H.-W. Hübers, and B. Klein. A&A 542, L5 (2012). | OD (hydroxyl radical) |
| 2012 |
Detection of the Simplest Sugar, Glycolaldehyde, in a Solar-type Protostar with ALMA
J. K. Jørgensen, C. Favre, S. E. Bisschop, T. L. Bourke, E. F. van Dishoeck, and M. Schmalzl. ApJ 757, L4 (2012). | HCOCH2OH (glycolaldehyde) |
| 2013 |
ALMA CO J = 6-5 observations of IRAS 16293-2422. Shocks and entrainment
L. E. Kristensen, P. D. Klaassen, J. C. Mottram, M. Schmalzl, and M. R. Hogerheijde. A&A 549, L6 (2013). | CO (carbon monoxide) |
| 2013 |
Warm water deuterium fractionation in IRAS 16293-2422. The high-resolution ALMA and SMA view
M. V. Persson, J. K. Jørgensen, and E. F. van Dishoeck. A&A 549, L3 (2013). | H218O (water) |
| 2013 |
ALMA 690 GHz Observations of IRAS 16293-2422B: Infall in a Highly Optically Thick Disk
L. A. Zapata, L. Loinard, L. F. Rodríguez, V. Hern&aascute;ndez-Hern&aascute;ndez, S. Takahashi, A. Trejo, and B. Parise. ApJ 764, L14 (2013). |
H13CN (hydrogen cyanide) HC15N (hydrogen cyanide) CH3OH (methanol) |
| 2013 |
Detection of Formamide, the Simplest but Crucial Amide, in a Solar-type Protostar
C. Kahane, C. Ceccarelli, A. Faure, and E. Caux. ApJ 763, L38 (2013). | NH2CHO (formamide) |
| 2013 |
ALMA and VLA observations of the outflows in IRAS 16293-2422
L. Loinard, L. A. Zapata, L. F. Rodríguez, G. Pech, C. J. Chandler, C. L. Brogan, D. J. Wilner, P. T. P. Ho, B. Parise, L. W. Hartmann, Z. Zhu, S. Takahashi, and A. Trejo. MRRASL 430, L10-L14 (2013). | CO (carbon monoxide) |
| 2013 |
Mono-deuterated dimethyl ether: laboratory spectrum up to 1 THz. Torsion-rotational spectrum within the
vibrational ground-state for the symmetric and asymmetric conformers and first detection in IRAS 16293-2422
C. Richard, L. Margulès, E. Caux, C. Kahane, C. Ceccarelli, J.-C. Guillemin, R. A. Motiyenko, C. Vastel, and P. Groner. A&A 552, A117 (2013). | CH2DOCH3 (dimethyl ether) |
| 2013 |
Heavy water stratification in a low-mass protostar
A. Coutens, C. Vastel, S. Cazaux, S. Bottinelli, E. Caux, C. Ceccarelli, K. Demyk, V. Taquet, and V. Wakelam. A&A 553, A75 (2013). | o-D2O (water) |
| 2014 |
On the Origin of the Molecular Outflows in IRAS 16293-2422
J. M. Girart, R. Estalella, A. Palau, J. M. Torrelles, and R. Rao. ApJ 780, L11 (2014). |
CO (carbon monoxide) SiO (silicon monoxide) C34S (carbon monosulfide) |
| 2014 |
CH in absorption in IRAS 16293-2422
S. Bottinelli, V. Wakelam, E. Caux, C. Vastel, Y. Aikawa, and C. Ceccarelli. MNRAS 441, 1964-1973 (2014). | CH (methylidyne) |
| 2014 |
Dynamical Structure of the Inner 100 AU of the Deeply Embedded Protostar IRAS 16293-2422
C. Favre, J. K. Jørgensen, D. Field, C. Brinch, S. E. Bisschop, T. L. Bourke, M. R. Hogerheijde, and W. W. F. Frieswijk. ApJ 790, 55 (2014). |
C17O (carbon monoxide) C34S (carbon monosulfide) |
| 2014 |
H2D+ observations give an age of at least one million years for a cloud core forming
Sun-like stars
S. Brünken, O. Sipilä, E. T. Chambers, J. Harju, P. Caselli, O. Asvany, C. E. Honingh, T. Kamiński, K. M. Menten, J. Stutzki, and S. Schlemmer. Nature 516, 219-221 (2014). | H2D+ (protonated H2) |
| 2015 |
The ALMA Band 9 receiver - Design, construction, characterization, and first light
A. M. Baryshev, R. Hesper, F. P. Mena, T. M. Klapwijk, T. A. van Kempen, M. R. Hogerheijde, B. D. Jackson, J. Adema, G. J. Gerlofsma, M. E. Bekema, J. Barkhof, L. H. R. de Haan-Stijkel, M. van den Bemt, A. Koops, K. Keizer, C. Pieters, J. Koops van het Jagt, H. H. A. Schaeffer, T. Zijlstra, M. Kroug, C. F. J. Lodewijk, K. Wielinga, W. Boland, M. W. M. de Graauw, E. F. van Dishoeck, H. Jager, and W. Wild. A&A 577, A127 (2015). |
H13CN (hydrogen cyanide) HC15N (hydrogen cyanide) & others |
| 2016 |
The sulfur depletion problem: upper limits on the H2S2, HS2•, and
S2 gas-phase abundances toward the low-mass warm core IRAS 16293-2422
R. Martín-Doménech, I. Jiménez-Serra, G. M. Muñoz Caro, H. S. P. Müller, A. Occhiogrosso, L. Testi, P. M. Woods, and S. Viti. A&A 585, A112 (2016). |
C17O (carbon monoxide) SO2 (sulfur dioxide) HDCO (formaldehyde) CH3OH (methanol) CH3CHO (acetaldehyde) HCOOCH3 (methyl formate) CH3OCH3 (dimethyl ether) |
| 2016 |
Detection of CH3SH in protostar IRAS 16293-2422
L. Majumdar, P. Gratier, T. Vidal, V. Wakelam, J.-C. Loison, K. M. Hickson, and E. Caux. MNRAS 458, 1859-1865 (2016). | CH3SH (methyl mercaptan) |
| 2016 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: First detections of deuterated formamide and deuterated isocyanic acid in the interstellar
medium
A. Coutens, J. K. Jørgensen, M. H. D. van der Wiel, H. S. P. Müller, J. M. Lykke, P. Bjerkeli, T. L. Bourke, H. Calcutt, M. N. Drozdovskaya, C. Favre, E. C. Fayolle, R. T. Garrod, S. K. Jacobsen, N. F. W. Ligterink, K. I. Öberg, M. V. Persson, E. F. van Dishoeck, and S. F. Wampfler. A&A 590, L6 (2016). |
NH2CDO (formamide) NHDCHO (formamide) DNCO (isocyanic acid) |
| 2016 |
Infalling-Rotating Motion and Associated Chemical Change in the Envelope of IRAS 16293-2422 Source A Studied
with ALMA
Y. Oya, N. Sakai, A. López-Sepulcre, Y. Watanabe, C. Ceccarelli, B. Lefloch, C. Favre, and S. Yamamoto. ApJ 824, 88 (2016). |
OCS (carbonyl sulfide) CH3OH (methanol) HCOOCH3 (methyl formate) H2CS (thioformaldehyde) |
| 2016 |
The ALMA Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS). First results from an unbiased submillimeter
wavelength line survey of the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422 with ALMA
J. K. Jørgensen, M. H. D. van der Wiel, A. Coutens, J. M. Lykke, H. S. P. Müller, E. F. van Dishoeck, H. Calcutt, P. Bjerkeli, T. L. Bourke, M. N. Drozdovskaya, C. Favre, E. C. Fayolle, R. T. Garrod, S. K. Jacobsen, K. I. Öberg, M. V. Persson, and S. F. Wampfler. A&A 595, A117 (2016). |
HCOCH2OH (glycoloaldehyde) HCOOCH3 (methyl formate) CH3COOH (acetic acid) HO(CH2)2OH (ethylene glycol) |
| 2016 |
On the Origin of C4H and CH3OH in Protostellar Envelopes
J. E. Lindberg, S. B. Charnley, and M. A. Cordiner. ApJ 833, L14 (2016). |
C4H (butadiynyl radical) CH3OH (methanol) |
| 2017 |
Externally Heated Protostellar Cores in the Ophiuchus Star-forming Region
J. E. Lindberg, S. B. Charnley, J. K. Jørgensen, M. A. Cordiner, and P. Bjerkeli. ApJ 835, 3 (2017). |
H2CO (formaldehyde) c-C3H2 (cyclopropenylidene) |
| 2017 |
History of the solar-type protostar IRAS 16293-2422 as told by the cyanopolyynes
A. Jaber Al-Edhari, C. Ceccarelli, C. Kahane, S. Viti, N. Balucani, E. Caux, A. Faure, B. Lefloch, F. Lique, E. Mendoza, D. Quenard, and L. Wiesenfeld. A&A 597, A40 (2017). |
HC3N (cyanoacetylene) DC3N (cyanoacetylene) HC5N (cyanodiacetylene) |
| 2017 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: First detections of ethylene oxide, acetone and propanal toward the low-mass protostar
IRAS 16293-2422
J. M. Lykke, A. Coutens, J. K. Jørgensen, M. H. D. van der Wiel, R. T. Garrod, H. S. P. Müller, P. Bjerkeli, T. L. Bourke, H. Calcutt, M. N. Drozdovskaya, C. Favre, E. C. Fayolle, S. K. Jacobsen, K. I. Öberg, M. V. Persson, E. F. van Dishoeck, and S. F. Wampfler. A&A 597, A53 (2017). |
c-C2H4O (ethylene oxide) CH3COCH3 (acetone) C2H5CHO (propanal) |
| 2017 |
Detection of Interstellar Ortho-D2H+ with SOFIA
J. Harju, O. Sipilä, S. Brünken, S. Schlemmer, P. Caselli, M. Juvela, K. M. Menten, J. Stutzki, O. Asvany, T. Kamiński, Y. Okada, and R. Higgins. ApJ 840, 63 (2017). | o-D2H+ (protonated H2) |
| 2017 |
A study of singly deuterated cyclopropenylidene c-C3HD in the protostar IRAS 16293-2422
L. Majumdar, P. Gratier, I. Andron, V. Wakelam, and E. Caux. MNRAS 467, 3525-3532 (2017). |
c-C3H2 (cyclopropenylidene) c-C3HD (cyclopropenylidene) |
| 2017 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: detection of CH3NCO towards the low-mass protostar IRAS 16293-2422
and laboratory constraints on its formation
N. F. W. Ligterink, A. Coutens, V. Kofman, H. S. P. Müller, R. T. Garrod, H. Calcutt, S. F. Wampfler, J. K. Jørgensen, H. Linnartz, and E. F. van Dishoeck. MNRAS 469, 2219-2229 (2017). Detection of methyl isocyanate (CH3NCO) in a solar-type protostar R. Martín-Doménech, V. M. Rivilla, I. Jiménez-Serra, D. Quénard, L. Testi, and J. Martín-Pintado. MNRAS 469, 2230-2234 (2017). | CH3NCO (methyl isocyanate) |
| 2017 |
Protostellar and cometary detections of organohalogens
E. C. Fayolle, K. I. Öberg, J. K. Jørgensen, K. Altwegg, H. Calcutt, H. S. P. Müller, M. Rubin, M. H. D. van der Wiel, P. Bjerkeli, T. L. Bourke, A. Coutens, E. F. van Dishoeck, M. N. Drozdovskaya, R. T. Garrod, N. F. W. Ligterink, M. V. Persson, S. F. Wampfler & the ROSINA team. Nature Astron 1, 702-708 (2017). |
CH3Cl (methyl chloride)
|
| 2018 |
Chemical and Physical Picture of IRAS 16293-2422 Source B at a Sub-arcsecond Scale Studied with ALMA
Y. Oya, K. Moriwaki, S. Onishi, N. Sakai, A. López-Sepulcre, C. Favre, Y. Watanabe, C. Ceccarelli, B. Lefloch, and S. Yamamoto. ApJ 854, 96 (2018). |
OCS (carbonyl sulfide) H2CS (thioformaldehyde) CH3OH (methanol) HCOOCH3 (methyl formate) |
| 2018 |
The ALMA-PILS Survey: Formaldehyde deuteration in warm gas on small scales toward IRAS 16293-2422 B
M. V. Persson, J. K. Jørgensen, H. S. P. Müller, A. Coutens, E. F. van Dishoeck, V. Taquet, H. Calcutt, M. H. D. van der Wiel, T. L. Bourke, and S. F. Wampfler. A&A 610, A54 (2018). |
H2CO (formaldehyde) HDCO (formaldehyde) H213CO (formaldehyde) D2CO (formaldehyde) H2C18O (formaldehyde) H2C17O (formaldehyde) D213CO (formaldehyde) |
| 2018 |
First detection of cyanamide (NH2CN) towards solar-type protostars
A. Coutens, E. R. Willis, R. T. Garrod, H. S. P. Müller, T. L. Bourke, H. Calcutt, M. N. Drozdovskaya, J. K. Jørgensen, N. F. W. Ligterink, M. V. Persson, G. Stéphan, M. H. D. van der Wiel, E. F. van Dishoeck, and S. F. Wampfler. A&A 612, A107 (2018). | NH2CN (cyanamide) |
| 2018 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: the sulphur connection between protostars and comets: IRAS 16293-2422 B and
67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
M. N. Drozdovskaya, E. F van Dishoeck, J. K Jørgensen, U. Calmonte, M. H. D. van der Wiel, A. Coutens, H. Calcutt, H. S. P. Müller, P. Bjerkeli, M. V. Persson, S. F. Wampfler, and K. Altwegg. MNRAS 476, 4949-4964 (2018). |
SO2 (sulfur dioxide) SO (sulfur monoxide) OCS (carbonyl sulfide) OC33S (carbonyl sulfide) CS (carbon monosulfide) C36S (carbon monosulfide) H2CS (thioformaldehyde) H2S (hydrogen sulfide) CH3SH (methyl mercaptan) & other isotopologues |
| 2018 |
Detection of HOCO+ in the protostar IRAS 16293-2422
L. Majumdar, P. Gratier, V. Wakelam, E. Caux, K. Willacy, and M. E. Ressler. MNRAS 477, 525-530 (2018). | HOCO+ (protonated CO2) |
| 2018 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: complex nitriles towards IRAS 16293-2422
H. Calcutt, J. K. Jørgensen, H. S. P. Müller, L. E. Kristensen, A. Coutens, T. L. Bourke, R. T. Garrod, M. V. Persson, M. H. D. van der Wiel, E. F. van Dishoeck, and S. F. Wampfler. A&A 616, A90 (2018). |
CH3CN (methyl cyanide) C2H5CN (ethyl cyanide) C2H3CN (vinyl cyanide) HC3N (cyanoacetylene) |
| 2018 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: first detection of methyl isocyanide (CH3NC) in a solar-type protostar
H. Calcutt, M. R. Fiechter, E. R. Willis, H. S. P. Müller, R. T. Garrod, J. K. Jørgensen, S. F. Wampfler, T. L. Bourke, A. Coutens, M. N. Drozdovskaya, N. F. W. Ligterink, and L. E. Kristensen. A&A 617, A95 (2018). | CH3NC (methyl isocyanide) |
| 2018 |
Tracing the cold and warm physico-chemical structure of deeply embedded protostars: IRAS 16293-2422 vs.
VLA 1623-2417
N. M. Murillo, E. F. van Dishoeck, M. H. D. van der Wiel, J. K. Jørgensen, M. N. Drozdovskaya, H. Calcutt, and D. Harsono. A&A 617, A120 (2018). |
DCO+ (protonated CO) N2H+ (protonated N2) N2D+ (protonated N2) c-C3H2 (cyclopropenylidene) CCH (ethynyl radical) |
| 2018 |
Exploring the Origins of Earth's Nitrogen: Astronomical Observations of Nitrogen-bearing Organics in Protostellar
Environments
T. S. Rice, E. A. Bergin, J. K. Jørgensen, and S. F. Wampfler. ApJ 866, 156 (2018). | HCN (hydrogen cyanide) |
| 2018 |
The formation of peptide-like molecules on interstellar dust grains
N. F. W. Ligterink, J. Terwisscha van Scheltinga, V. Taquet, J. K. Jørgensen, S. Cazaux, E. F. van Dishoeck, and H. Linnartz. MNRAS 480, 3628-3643 (2018). |
CH3NHCHO (N-methylformamide)
CH3CONH2 (acetamide) |
| 2018 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: Stringent limits on small amines and nitrogen-oxides towards IRAS 16293-2422B
N. F. W. Ligterink, H. Calcutt, A. Coutens, L. E. Kristensen, T. L. Bourke, M. N. Drozdovskaya, H. S. P. Müller, S. F. Wampfler, M. H. D. van der Wiel, E. F. van Dishoeck, and J. K. Jørgensen. A&A 619, A28 (2018). |
CH2NH (methanimine) N2O (nitrous oxide) NO (nitric oxide) |
| 2018 |
Millimeter-wave spectroscopy and modeling of 1,2-butanediol. Laboratory spectrum in the 59.6-103.6 GHz
region and comparison with the ALMA archived observations
A. Vigorito, C. Calabrese, S. Melandri, A. Caracciolo, S. Mariotti, A. Giannetti, M. Massardi, and A. Maris. A&A 619, A140 (2018). | HOCH2CHOHC2H5 (1,2-butanediol) |
| 2018 |
Methyl cyanide (CH3CN) and propyne (CH3CCH) in the low-mass protostar IRAS 16293-2422
I. Andron, P. Gratier, L. Majumdar, T. H. G. Vidal, A. Coutens, J.-C. Loison, and V. Wakelam. MNRAS 481, 5651-5659 (2018). |
CH3CN (methyl cyanide) CH3CCH (propyne) |
| 2018 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: isotopic composition of oxygen-containing complex organic molecules toward
IRAS 16293-2422B
J. K. Jørgensen, H. S. P. Müller, H. Calcutt, A. Coutens, M. N. Drozdovskaya, K. I. Öberg, M. V. Persson, V. Taquet, E. F. van Dishoeck, and S. F. Wampfler. A&A 620, A170 (2018). |
D- and/or 13C-substituted: H2CCO (ketene) CH3CHO (acetaldehyde) HCOOH (formic acid) CH3OH (methanol) C2H5OH (ethanol) |
| 2019 |
Deuterated methyl mercaptan (CH3SD): Laboratory rotational spectroscopy and search toward
IRAS 16293-2422 B
O. Zakharenko, F. Lewen, V. V. Ilyushin, M. N. Drozdovskaya, J. K. Jørgensen, S. Schlemmer, and H. S. P. Müller. A&A 621, A114 (2019). | CH3SD (methyl mercaptan) |
| 2019 |
First ALMA maps of HCO, an important precursor of complex organic molecules, towards IRAS 16293-2422
V. M. Rivilla, M. T. Beltrán,, A. Vasyunin, P. Caselli, S. Viti, F. Fontani, and R. Cesaroni. MNRAS 483, 806-823 (2019). | HCO (formyl radical) |
| 2019 |
First detection of the pre-biotic molecule glycolonitrile (HOCH2CN) in the interstellar medium
S. Zeng, D. Quénard, I. Jiménez-Serra, J. Martín-Pintado, V. M Rivilla, L. Testi, and R. Martín-Doménech. MNRASL 484, L43-L48 (2019). | HOCH2CN (glycolonitrile) |
| 2019 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: First detection of nitrous acid (HONO) in the interstellar medium
A. Coutens, N. F. W. Ligterink, J.-C. Loison, V. Wakelam, H. Calcutt, M. N. Drozdovskaya, J. K. Jørgensen, H. S. P. Müller, E. F. van Dishoeck, and S. F. Wampfler. A&A 623, L13 (2019). | trans-HONO (nitrous acid) |
| 2019 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: the first detection of doubly deuterated methyl formate (CHD2OCHO) in the ISM
S. Manigand, H. Calcutt, J. K. Jørgensen, V. Taquet, H. S. P. Müller, A. Coutens, S. F. Wampfler, N. F. W. Ligterink, M. N. Drozdovskaya, L. E. Kristensen, M. H. D. van der Wiel, and T. L. Bourke. A&A 623, A69 (2019). | HCOOCHD2 (methyl formate) |
| 2019 |
Laboratory spectroscopic study of the 15N isotopomers of cyanamide, H2NCN, and a search
for them toward IRAS 16293-2422 B
A. Coutens, O. Zakharenko, F. Lewen, J. K. Jórgensen, S. Schlemmer, and H. S. P. Müller. A&A 623, A93 (2019). |
NH2C15N (cyanamide) 15NH2CN (cyanamide) |
| 2019 |
Astrophysical detections and databases for the mono deuterated species of acetaldehyde CH2DCOH
and CH3COD
L. H. Coudert, L. Margulès, C. Vastel, R. Motiyenko, E. Caux, and J.-C. Guillemin. A&A 624, A70 (2019). |
CH2DCHO (acetaldehyde) CH3CDO (acetaldehyde) |
| 2019 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: gas dynamics in IRAS 16293-2422 and the connection between its two protostars
M. H. D. van der Wiel, S. K. Jacobsen, J. K. Jørgensen, T. L. Bourke, L. E. Kristensen, P. Bjerkeli, N. M. Murillo, H. Calcutt, H. S. P. Müller, A. Coutens, M. N. Drozdovskaya, C. Favre, and S. F. Wampfler. A&A 626, A93 (2019). |
CO (carbon monoxide) H2CO (formaldehyde) HCN (hydrogen cyanide) CS (carbon monosulfide) SiO (silicon monoxide) CCH (ethynyl radical) |
| 2019 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: propyne (CH3CCH) in IRAS 16293-2422
H. Calcutt, E. R. Willis, J. K. Jørgensen, P. Bjerkeli, N. F. W. Ligterink, A. Coutens, H. S. P. Müller, R. T. Garrod, S. F. Wampfler, and M. N. Drozdovskayla. A&A 631, A137 (2019). | CH3CCH (propyne) |
| 2020 |
Temperature profiles of young disk-like structures. The case of IRAS 16293A
M. L. R. van 't Hoff, E. F. van Dishoeck, J. K. Jørgensen, and H. Calcutt. A&A 633, A7 (2020). | H2CS (thioformaldehyde) |
| 2020 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: inventory of complex organic molecules towards IRAS 16293-2422 A
S. Manigand, J. K. Jørgensen, H. Calcutt, H. S. P. Müller, N. F. W. Ligterink, A. Coutens, M. N. Drozdovskaya, E. F. van Dishoeck, and S. F. Wampfler. A&A 635, A48 (2020). |
CH3OH (methanol) HCOOCH3 (methyl formate) CH3OCH3 (dimethyl ether) H2CO (formaldehyde) C2H5OH (ethanol) HCOOH (formic acid) H2CCO (ketene) HNCO (isocyanic acid) CH3CHO (acetaldehyde) c-C2H4O (ethylene oxide) CH3COCH3 (acetone) CH3COOH (acetic acid) CH2(OH)CHO (hydroxyacetaldehyde) NH2CHO (formamide) HO(CH2)2OH (ethylene glycol) C2H5CHO (propanal) C2H5OCH3 (ethyl methyl ether) CH3OCH2OH (methoxymethanol) & isotopologues |
| 2020 |
Orbital and Mass Constraints of the Young Binary System IRAS 16293-2422 A
M. J. Maureira, J. E. Pineda, D. M. Segura-Cox, P. Caselli, L. Testi, G. Lodato, L. Loinard, and A. Hernández-Gómez. ApJ 897, 59 (2020). |
CS (carbon monosulfide) HNCO (isocyanic acid) NH2CHO (formamide) HCOOH (formic acid) |
| 2020 |
First detection of NHD and ND2 in the interstellar medium - Amidogen deuteration in
IRAS 16293-2422
M. Melosso, L. Bizzocchi, O. Sipilä, B. M. Giuliano, L. Dore, F. Tamassia, M.-A. Martin-Drumel, O. Pirali, E. Redaelli, and P. Caselli. A&A 641, A153 (2020). |
NHD (amidogen) ND2 (amidogen) |
| 2020 |
Detection of hydroxyacetone in protostar IRAS 16293-2422 B
Y. Zhou, D.-H. Quan, X. Zhang, and S.-L. Qin. Res Astron Astrophys 20, 125 (2020). | CH3COCH2OH (hydroxyacetone) |
| 2020 |
Substructures in the Disk-forming Region of the Class 0 Low-mass Protostellar Source IRAS 16293-2422
Source A on a 10 au Scale
Y. Oya and S. Yamamoto. ApJ 904, 182 (2020). |
C17O (carbon monoxide) H2CS (thioformaldehyde) |
| 2021 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: first detection of the unsaturated 3-carbon molecules Propenal (C2H3CHO)
and Propylene (C3H6) towards IRAS 16293-2422 B
S. Manigand, A. Coutens, J.-C. Loison, V. Wakelam, H. Calcutt, H. S. P. Müller, J. K. Jørgensen, V. Taquet, S. F. Wampfler, T. L. Bourke, B. M. Kulterer, E. F. van Dishoeck, M. N. Drozdovskaya, and N. F. W. Ligterink. A&A 645, A53 (2021). |
C2H3CHO (propenal) C3H6 (propylene) |
| 2021 |
Rotational and rovibrational spectroscopy of CD3OH with an account of CD3OH toward
IRAS 16293-2422
V. V. Ilyushin, H. S. P. Müller, J. K. Jørgensen, S. Bauerecker, C. Maul, Y. Bakhmat, E. A. Alekseev, O. Dorovskaya, S. Vlasenko, F. Lewen, S. Schlemmer, K. Berezkin, and R. M. Lees. A&A 658, A128 (2022). | CD3OH (methanol) |
| 2022 |
Successive deuteration in low-mass star-forming regions: The case of D2-methanol (CHD2OH) in
IRAS 16293-2422
M. N. Drozdovskaya, L. H. Coudert, L. Margulès, A. Coutens, J. K. Jørgensen, and S. Manigand. A&A 659, A69 (2022). | CHD2OH (methanol) |
| 2022 |
The ALMA-PILS survey: First tentative detection of 3-hydroxypropenal (HOCHCHCHO) in the interstellar medium
and chemical modeling of the C3H4O2 isomers
A. Coutens, J.-C. Loison, A. Boulanger, E. Caux, H. S. P. Müller, V. Wakelam, S. Manigand, and J. K. Jørgensen. A&A 660:L6 (2022). The rotation-tunneling spectrum of 3-hydroxypropenal and confirmation of its detection toward IRAS 16293-2422 B H. S. P. Müller, A. Coutens, J. K. Jørgensen, L. Margulès, R. A. Motiyenko, and J.-C. Guillemin. A&A 687:A8 (2024). | HOCHCHCHO (3-hydroxypropenal) |
| 2023 |
Rotational spectroscopy of mono-deuterated oxirane (c-C2H3DO) and its
detection towards IRAS 16293-2422 B
H. S. P. Müller, J. K. Jørgensen, J.-C. Guillemin, F. Lewen, and S. Schlemmer. MNRAS 518, 185 (2023). | c-C2H3DO (oxirane) |
| 2023 |
Millimetre and sub-millimetre spectroscopy of doubly deuterated acetaldehyde (CHD2CHO) and
first detection towards IRAS 16293-2422
J. Ferrer Asensio, S. Spezzano, L. H. Coudert, V. Lattanzi, C. P. Endres, J. K. Jørgensen, and P. Caselli. A&A 670, A177 (2023). | CHD2CHO (acetaldehyde) |
| 2023 |
Rotational spectroscopy of oxirane-2,2-d2, c-CD2CH2O,
and its tentative detection toward IRAS 16293-2422 B
H. S. P. Müller, J. K. Jørgensen, J.-C. Guillemin, F. Lewen, and S. Schlemmer. J Mol Spectrosc 394, 111777 (2023). | c-CD2CH2O (oxirane) |
| 2023 |
Detection of monothioformhc acid towards the solar-type protostar IRAS 16293-2422
A. Manna and S. Pal. J Astrophys Astron 44, 69 (2023). | t-HCOSH (thioformic acid) |
| 2024 |
Rotational spectroscopy of CH3OD with a reanalysis of CH3OD toward IRAS 16293-2422
V. V. Ilyushin, H. S. P. Müller, M. N. Drozdovskaya, J. K. Jørgensen, S. Bauerecker, C. Maul, R. Porohovoi, E. A. Alekseev, O. Dorovskaya, O. Zakharenko, F. Lewen, S. Schlemmer, L.-H. Xu, and R. M. Lees. A&A 687:A220 (2024). | CH3OD (methanol) |
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A summary of detections toward IRAS 16293-2422 by M. N. Drozdovskaya et al. (MNRAS 490, 50, 2019) was very helpful for building this page. |
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